Car Bomb Outside Mosque Of Persecuted Anti-Extremist Imam In Ingushetia

March 11, 2016
Car bomb outside the Nasyr-Kort mosque in Nazran on March 11, 2016. Screen grab from Ingushskoye Video

LIVE UPDATES: A car bomb went off at the Nasyr-Kort mosque in Nazran where Khamzat Chumakov, an anti-extremist imam serves who has been persecuted for some years.

Welcome to our column, Russia Update, where we will be closely following day-to-day developments in Russia, including the Russian government’s foreign and domestic policies.

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Is the Bombing of Mosque in Nazran Connected to the Attack on Reporters and Human Rights Defenders?

Mukharbek Dikazhev, speaker of the Ingush parliament, said the bomb at the Nasyr-Kort Mosque today in Nazran may be related to the beating of journalists and human rights activists two days ago, Mediazone reported, citing TASS.
“We believe that this is one link in the chain of crimes which have been committed earlier regarding journalists and human rights advocates,” he said.
Imam Khamzat Chumakov was lightly wounded in the attack, as well as three people who attended the mosque, one of who is in intensive care, Caucasian Knot reported.
Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov has repeatedly criticized Chumakov, calling him “a satan” and Chechen TV ran a program February 11 accusing him of “preaching extremism.”
As Ekaterina Sokirianskaia, an analyst of the International Crisis Group, has explained, authorities in Chechnya have openly called for murdering Salafis, but in Ingushetia, there is a different approach attempting to integrate them into approved religious life. Meanwhile, Kadyrov has openly supported Ingush mufti Isa Khamkhoyev, who has tried to wrest the Nasyr-Kort Mosque away from Chumakov’s supporters.
Sokirianskaia commented for Caucasian Knot today that “various forces are interested” in attacking Chumakov and that the “contractors are nearby,” i.e. not in Chechnya. She cited a string of events in both Ingushetia and Chechnya including clashes between the leadership of Ingushetia and Chumakov, a series of murders, the attack on the Ingush human rights groups Mashr, and the attack on the journalists which are “clearly destabilizing the situation.” Meanwhile the Kremlin is “giving instructions to Kadyrov and [Ingush leader Yunus-Bek] Yevkurov to make peace,” she said.
Igor Kalyapin, a human rights lawyer with the Joint Mobile Group, said he believes there is no connection at all between the attack on his colleagues and the bombing today. He says the bombing of the mosque was prepared in advance carefully and related to Chumakov’s activity and his existing enemies. In other words, it involved a different dynamic that the forces in Chechnya that have been incited by Kadyrov against Kalyapin, one of the liberal targets of the “million Muslim march” in Grozny last month denounced as “traitors.”
Bagaudin Khaumiev, a member of the Ingush regional chapter of the Association of Russian Jurists and head of the Council of Youth Organizations, said mosque-goers had long noticed suspicious cars with shaded windows hanging around outside the building and that there has been “a tense situation in the religious sphere.”
Chumakov, a popular imam known for his criticism of corruption and human rights abuses fought in the Soviet armed forces in Afghanistan and worked in the Committee of International Soldiers in Ingushetia. He studied with Khuseyn Yevloyev and in 1994 went to Egypt for religious training, then returned to Ingushetia in 2007.
While Kadyrov has attempted to portray him as an “extremist,” he is known for preaching against Islamist extremist and rejects differentiation between Sufism and Salafism. In 2010, he lost a leg when a bomb exploded under his car. Increasingly he has been seen as a threat to the leadership of Ingushetia.
Today, investigators and police from Ingushetia who attempted to go to the Grozny-Citi Hotel to search the rooms of the beaten journalists who had been staying there were prevented from entry by the hotel director. Lawyer Yekaterina Vanslova told Mediazone that she had a paper signed by the others in the group authorizing her to collect their things, but she was only allowed to collect her own luggage as she had a passport with her.

Yelena Milashina, a reporter for Novaya Gazeta who has long covered the North Caucasus and is now banned from Chechnya, wrote an analysis of the attack  this week. Citing the reports from the Committee to Prevent Torture (KPP), the group whose members were in the van attacked, she noted that the Ingush police reacted swiftly both to get medical care and place the group under state protection. Meanwhile, the KPP’s office in Karabulak, Ingushetia, where it was moved after two attacks in Grozny, was attacked once again by vandals.

The group was shadowed before the attack March 9, and Milashina notes that the March 9 assault did not come out of the blue.

On February 19, three journalists were detained in the center of Grozny by Chechen police. Olga Pavlova of the online news site Kavpolit was able to shout out her name before she was stuffed into a black Priora. Eye-witnesses then informed the federal media. Kadyrov’s chief aide and speaker of parliament, Magomed Daudov intervened and the journalists were released. The unlawful detention was really more like a kidnapping, said Milashina. While no charges were made, their equipment and all their film footage was confiscated. Kavpolit frequently runs material critical of the governments of the North Caucasus.

Milashina also noted that on February 22, Chechen police, on orders of Daudov, tried to grab a member of the KPP but he managed to call his colleagues and publicize the attempt, thus halting it. 
Despite these attacks, the KPP member met with Daudov but in the end was forced to resign from the Committee because of threats to himself and his family.
Kalyapin decided not to publicize the incident at the time to prevent further reprisals, but the did not decide to cancel the trip involving Russian and foreign journalists. 
Milashina was critical of this judgement call:

“The participants in the press tour did not know anything about the danger hanging over the employees of the Committee itself. Not being experts of the region and not having full information about the conflict of the Chechen authorities with the human rights activists, the journalists could not evaluation their own sharply-growing risks.”

According to information obtained by Novaya Gazeta, a foreign journalist had dropped out of the trip after he learned of the attempt in February to kidnap the KPP member.
Milashina concludes: “After this attack it can be stated: they have moved from verbal threats addressed to critics of Kadyrov in Chechnya to physical violence.”
The incident has thrown a spotlight on the way in which foreign reporters — and for that matter Russian journalists from Moscow — are dependent on human rights activists as guides in a situation where they don’t know the local languages and the constantly-changing volatile situation. The attack discourages the connection between reporters and activists and as Milashina’s comments indicates, throws the blame on journalists rather than Kadyrov’s thugs for not anticipating their own security threat.

The result is less coverage of the alarming developments in Chechnya at a crucial time when Kadyrov will be either stepping down and be replaced or will be endorsed yet again by the Kremlin.

— Catherine A. Fitzpatrick 

PARNAS Member Pelevine Investigated for ‘Spy Pen’ and Funding from NED; Returns March 15 for Questioning
Natalia Pelevine, a member of the council of the opposition PARNAS party, was taken for questioning yesterday to the Investigative Committee and then released. Her home was searched. 

Translation: After the search and interrogation I am home. Details tomorrow. Meanwhile, a video from my “favorite” NTV which turned out to be at my home.

NTV, a state-run TV station which has become notorious for stalking the Russian opposition and running sensational propaganda programs about them, said Pelevina’s case was now shown to be unrelated to the Bolotnaya Square case under which dozens of activists have been jailed.

Pelevine also told RBC that her case was not related to Bolotnaya but that she is now being investigated under charges of possessing “espionage equipment” related to the fact that a year ago, investigators found a pen at her home that could be used to clandestinely record a conversation. 

She said a criminal case has been opened up against her under Art. 138, “”unlawful trade in special technical means intended for clandestine receipt of information” related to the pen. The next interrogation is scheduled for March 15. 

Yet NTV persisted in claiming that Pelevine had financed the May 6, 2012 anti-Putin demonstration supposedly using funds from the National Endowment for Democracy (NED), a US-funded organization that promotes democratic non-governmental groups around the world. NED has now been included on the list of “undesirable” organizations issued by the State Duma.

Citing a source in the investigation, RBC reported that authorities are investigating funds supposedly received from NED. In a statement received by RBC, Vladimir Markin, spokesman for the Investigative Committee said that Pelevine had supposedly used NED funds “to discredit the investigative agencies, the interior ministry agencies which were undertaking the investigation of cases of mass disorders on Bolotnaya Square on May 6, 2012.”

This suggests that even with considerable power to fabricate cases against the opposition, the Investigative Committee is pursuing another charge rather than one related to funding the march. Pelevine’s lawyer has said she is not charged in relationship to the Bolotnaya case but is only a suspect. 

As activist Irena Nesterova explained on her Facebook page today:

“[Investigative Committee head Aleksandr] Bastrykin is ‘not completely stupid’ like his boss. Sometimes he displays remarkable ingenuity and resourcefulnes not peculiar to total idiots. Despairing of pinning the financing of the ‘riots’ on Bolotnaya in 2012 to PARNAS Federal Political Council member Natalia Pelevine, i.e. the papers regarding the May 6 Committee discovered in her first search were dated 2014, and the Committee itself was created after the jailing of the first ‘Bolotniki’ [Bolotnaya defendants] and as the ECHR [European Court of Human Rights] has established, there were no ‘riots’ on Bolotnaya, the main investigator of the country has kept his wits about him and has initiated a new search.”

Another activist pointed out that the “spy pens,” made in China, can be bought openly at the Internet store AliExpress.

Markin also added (translation by The Interpreter):

“I appeal to persons including comrades-at-arms who had the fortune to have formal or informal chats with Pelevine. Remember if during your meetings Pelevine had a somewhat unusually thick dark-colored pen, then you have become the subject of an unsanctioned recording which can be used against you in the future.”

The Kremlin has persistently attempted to portray as “violent riots” the large demonstration protesting against fraudulent elections that brought President Vladimir Putin to power and have attempted for nearly four years now to portray the march as funded by the US.

As we have reported, some 60 demonstrators were injured by riot police when officials unexpectedly blocked part of Bolotnaya Square off to marcher. Even this year, participants continue to be put on trial long after the fact. At the time, Russian human rights ombudsman Vladimir Lukin said “no riot occurred” and “innocent people were subjected to criminal sanctions.”

Now the authorities are trying to portray a fund to help families of those imprisoned from the demonstration as “helping color revolutions,” the constant target of Kremlin propaganda, referring to the Rose Revolution in Georgia in 2003, the Orange Revolution in Ukraine in 2004, the Tulip Revolution in Kyrgyzstan in 2005, the Green Revolution in Iran in 2009 and other citizens’ uprisings.

According to Markin, “foreign anti-Russian centers to fund mass disorders” were involved in “an attempt to implement a scenario for a ‘color revolution’ in Russia,” although nothing remotely resembling a Maidan-type action took place on May 12, 2012 as the marchers dispersed the same day and many were arrested long after that day.

NED no longer gives out information about its grantees in Russia, describing only the subject areas of grants due to the harassment of its grantees by the Russian government.

— Catherine A. Fitzpatrick 

Car Bomb Outside Mosque Of Persecuted Anti-Extremist Imam In Ingushetia
A car bomb has exploded outside a mosque in Ingushetia’s biggest city, Nazran.

The state-owned RIA Novosti news agency reports that at least two people have been wounded. One of them, the driver of another car passing by as the blast went off, is reported to be in a critical condition in hospital.

According to TASS, the blast went off at 13:40 Moscow time, as the imam of the Nasyr-Kort mosque, Khamzat Chumakov, was leaving after Friday prayers. Chumakov is reported to have been lightly wounded.

A source in local law enforcement told TASS that the blast had been caused by an explosive device equivalent to 5 kg of TNT.

This would not be the first assassination attempt on Chumakov. In September, 2010 the imam lost a leg when his car was blown up.

Chumakov has been subjected to harassment for several years by the local authorities:


Ingushetia Religious Rivalry: Guns, Clans, And Death Threats

Friday worship at a mosque in Ingushetia nearly descended into violence on June 5, when supporters and allied clans of the republican mufti and a charismatic rival cleric squared off before the latter was hustled off the premises.

View full page →

Mar 11, 2016 13:00 (GMT)


Popular Ingushetian Imam Under Pressure

Over the past five years, Khamzat-haji Chumakov, imam of the Nasyr-Kort mosque on the outskirts of Nazran, has acquired cult status among young believers in Ingushetia thanks to his sermons denouncing bloodshed and Islamic extremism and exhorting his listeners to remain true to Ingush national values.

View full page →

Mar 11, 2016 13:01 (GMT)

Moskovsky Komsomolets notes that among those who have threatened Chumakov is Chechen President Ramzan Kadyrov.

Kadyrov has branded Chumakov a “shaytan” or devil and warned that were the imam to preach in Chechnya, his “head would roll.”


Chechen Republic Head Sides With Embattled Ingush Mufti

Chechen Republic head Ramzan Kadyrov has elevated his long-standing feud with his Ingush counterpart, Yunus-Bek Yevkurov, to a new level by overtly siding with Ingushetia's mufti, Issa-hadji Khamkhoyev, whose resignation Yevkurov called for in late December.

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Mar 11, 2016 13:16 (GMT)

— Pierre Vaux